Valve-operating mechanism



Jan. 15, 1929.

W. F. HARRINGTON VALVE OPERATING MECHANISM Filed Feb. 6, 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 15, 1929.

W. F. HARRINGTON VALvE OPERATING MECHANISI Filed Feb. 6. 1919 2 sheets-sheet 2 WIV/ibm E /la om om A M X 8 N m f l h T). 7 d E v mv \1\\\ s mv wv Y a u -will Patented Jan. 15, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM F. HARRINGTON, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNOFJ TO THE WILLYS-OVERLAND COMPANY, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OIIIO.

VALVE-OPERATHTG MECHANISM.

Application led February 6, 1919.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and particularly to the valve operating mechanism employed for controlling the intal-:e and exhaust valves, which is particularly adapted for use in connection with an internal combustion engine of the V- type.

One object of the invention is to provide a mechanism of the character described which will be entirely enclosed within the casing members.

A further object of the invention is to provide a mechanism of the character described which is particularly applicable for use with internal combustion engines of the V-type, wherein the va ions valves carried by the everal cylinders are operated by a common cam shaft.

A further object of the invention is to provide a mechanism of the character described wherein the several valves are operated from a common cam shaft by means of a plurality of rocker arms, avoiding the use of the pull rods or push rods ordinarily employed.

A further object of the invention is to provide a mechanism of this character, particularly adapted for use in connection with an internal combustion engine of the V-type, wherein the various valves of the several cylinders are operated by a common cam shaft located in substantially the same hori- 1 zontal plane with the upper portions of the various valve stems. n y

A further object of the invention is to provide a mechanism for operating oppositely inclined valves of an engine cylinder in such a manner that the thrust impressed thereon will be in a direction in line with the longitudinal anis of each of the several valve stems.

A further object of the invention is to provide a mechanism of this character which is of simple construction and efficient in operation.

Further objects of this invention relate to economies of manufacture and details of construction as will hereinafter appear from the detailed description to follow.

The objects of thel invention are accomplished in one instance by the devices and Vmeans described in the following specification, but it is evident that the same may be Vvaried widely without departing from the scope of the invention, as pointed out in the appended claims. Y

A. structure @instituting one embodiment Serial No. 275,464.

of the invention, which may be the preferred, is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof in which:

Fig.v I is a vertical-sectional view of an internal combustion engine of the V-type, taken substantially on the line I-I of Fig. II, illustrating the position of the various operating parts of the valve controlling mechamsm.

Fig. II is a top plan view partially in section, taken along the line II-II of Fig. I, illustrating the relative position of the various rocking arms with respect to the cam shaft, and the valves operated thereby.

Fig. III is a. vertical-sectional view taken along the line III- III of Fig. II.

Fig. IV is a vertical-sectional view taken along the line IVIV of Fig. III.

Fig. V is al horizontal-sectional view taken along' the line V-V of Fig. III.

In the drawings, similar reference charactors refer to corresponding parts throughout the several views, and the sectional views `are taken looking in the direction of the small arrows at the ends of the section lines.

' Referring to the drawings, the engine comprises cylinders 10 arranged in two rows or series, the cylinders of each row being oppositely inclined with respect to the corresponding cylinders of the opposite row. Cylinder heads 11 are positioned above the cylinders of each row and secured thereto in any well known manner. A top casing section 12 is adapted to extend acrossthe head casing sections, and carries the cam shaft, and the various rocking arms actuated thereby for operatingthe valves. The top casing section is firmly secured to the cylinder head casings in any suitable manner.

A removable cover 13 is firmly secured to the upper portion of the top casing section, and is capable of removal for the purpose of providing a means of ready access to the cam shaft and the various elements operated thereby. An outer wall 14 surrounds the several cylinders and is spaced therefrom to provide a water jacket space about the cylinders. The head casings carry the usual spark Vplugs 16, and are provided with the usual intake passages 17 and exhaust passages 18 Yall communicating with the interior of the cylinders, each ofthe said intake and exhaust passages is provided with valve seats properly arranged therein at the point Where each of the. several passages Y communicates with Vvalve 23 vadapted to seat in the proper manner upon the corrospending` valve seat 19, and

Y provided with an upwardly extending valve stem 24 terminating in a head 25. The exhaust passages 18 from the several cylinders comprising one se ies or row communicate with one of the exhaust manifolds 2G.

Thelower portion of the top casingl section l2 and the upper portion of the cyiind er head casing are so constructed as when properly assembled to form a firm support for the top casing and provide means for proper y securing the parts together. A cam shaft 27 extends in a direction substantially par` allel with the engine crank shaft (not shown) and is adapted to be rotated from the crank shaft in any suitable manner so as to `ejive it a speed of rotation proportionate to that of the crank shaft'. The cam shaft 2'? oarries a plurality of cam elements 2S firmly secured thereto, the said cam shaft being suitably supported in bearings 29 formed in the top casing section l2. The top casing section l2 is provided with portions 30 formingl bearings for ak pair of shafts 3l, which eX- tend, in a direction parallel to each other, and to the cam shaft, and are positioned on opposite sides of the cam shaft and in substantially the same rhorizontal plane therewith. The shafts 3l are adapted to provide bearings for firmly supporting a plurality of upper and lower rocker arms 32 and 33, respec-V tively. 'lhe rocker arms 32 and 33 are of similar construction and extend in opposite directions from the cani shaft for a purpose which will be hereinafter described. T he top casing section is also provided with a plurality of bearings 34 for suitably supporting a. plurality of hollow shafts 35, which also eX- tend in a direction parallel to the direction of the cam shaft and upon opposite sides thereof, they beine' positioned outwardly with respect to the s afts 3l., and each of the said hollow shafts lying substantially in the plane determined by the longitudinal axes of the cylinders comprisingl vone row or series,

Each cylinder is provided with a pair of exhaust valves 23 having stems 24 eritendingy upwardly through the head easino and adapted to slide in bearing` sleeves 31 positioned within the head casing` A coiled spring 38 surrounds the upper portion of each ofthe valve stems 24 and bears at its lower end against the head casing, and at its upper end against a cup-shaped washer 39 carried by the valve stem, ln a similar manner each .of each cylinder are provided. Each of th of the cylinders is provided with a single take valve 2O provided with a valve stein 2l extending upwardly through the head casing and slidably mounted in a bearing sleeve 40 secured therein. Each of the several valve stems 2l is surrounded bya coiled compression spring 42, the lower end of which is adapted to bear against a portion of the heat casing, the upper end hearing against the der surface of a cup-shaped washer 43, cured to the upper end of the valve s Revolvably mounted upon each of the hollow shafts 35 at a point directly above each ofthe cylinders l() is sleeve 44 provided with a pair of integral arms 4:5 extending' therefrom in a direction towards the cam shaft7 and positioned in such a manner that the inner ls of the arms 45 extend overand are adapted to rest upon the heads 25 of the two valvc lillstems 24 with which the exhaust valves 2i sleeves 44 is pro Tided with an enlarged portion substantially centrally thereof, wh'ch serves as a housingv for a sleeve 46 adapted to be positioned therein and revolvably mounted upon the hollow shaft 35. Each of the sleeves 46 is provided with a pair of arms 4T and adapted to extend in opposite directions therefrom7 the said arm 48 being designed to extend outwardly from the shaft 35 in such manner that its outer end will overlie ar-.d contact with the head 22 of the valve stem carried by the intake valve :2O of the cylinder. rlhe enlarged portion 49 of the sleeve l 1 provided with diametrically opposite openings 50 for the reception of the arms and 48, said openings being` of such size as to permit a suitable rotative movement of the sleeve 46 and arms 47 and 48 carried thereby with respect to the sleeve 44.

Each of the upper and lower rocker arms 32 and 33 respectivelyV is provided with bearing portions 5% positioned near the central por tion of the rocker arms and adapted to be rotatably mounted upon one of the shafts 3l in such a manner as to permit the rocher arms to oscillate thereon upon rotation of the cam shaft. Each of the upper rocker arms 32 is positioned in such a manner that its inner end overlies the cam shaft and has secured thereto a roller 53 adapted to Contact with one of the cam elements carried by the cam shaft in such a manner as to oscillate the rocher arm upon rotation of the cam shaft. ln a similar' manner each of the lower rocker arms 33 rotatably mounted upon the correspondinrg` shaft 3l and has its inner end extending to a position beneath the cam shaft, the said inner end of each rocker arm 88 being provided. with a roller 54 adapted to contact with and be actuated by one of the cam elements carried by the cam shaft for the purpose of communicatingoscillatory'movement to the lower rocker arm. The outer end of each of the upper rocker arms 32 is adapted to overlie and ino fili) rest upon the inner end of one of the arms carried by the sleeve 44, in such a manner -hat when the inner end of the rocker arm 32 is raised by one of the cam elements the outer end of the rocker arm will be depressed, thus forcing downwardly the arms and the corresponding valve stems 24 secured to the two exhaust valves 23, for the purpose of permitting exhaust of the combustion gas from the cylinders. rllhe outer end of each of the lower rocker arms 33 is positioned beneath and adapted to contact with the end of the inwardly extending arm 4T secured to thel sleeve 46.

l/Vhen each of the lower rocker arms is oscillated by the cam element 28 on the cam shaf the inner end of the rocker arm; the outer end of said arm will be correspondingly raised whereby the sleeve 46 will be oscillated and the arm 48 will press upon the head 22 of the valve stem carried by the inletvalve of the cylinder to open the valve and permit fuel to be drawn into the cylinder.

It will be noted that the arms 45, 47 and 48 provide a plurality of valve operating rocler arms pivotally positioned along a line extending substantially midway between and slightly above the upper ends of the oppositely inclined valve stems carried by the inlet and exhaust valves of each cylinder respee` tively. By this construction the pressure exerted upon each valve for the purpose of opening` the same is applied in a direction axially of each valve stem, thus preventing any binding of the valve stem in the sleeve.

'Ihe cam shaft is rotated from the main crank shaft of the engine in any suitable manner for maintaining the speed of rotation of the cam shaft proportionate to the speed of rotation of the crank shaft. Upon the rotation of the cam shaft in its bearings 29 cam elements carried thereby act against the inner end of the upper and lower rocker arms to oscillate the same at regular intervals in the rotation of the cam shaft. As the upper and lower rocker arms are oscillated, their outer ends contact with the valve operating rocker arms, in the manner previously described, whereby the valve operating rocker arms are correspondingly oscillated upon the hollow shaft 35, thus exerting pressure upon the upper ends of the several valve stems for the purpose of opening the corresponding valves at regular intervals to admit fuel to the cylinders and permit the escape of the combustion products therefrom.

l'lvfhile I have shown and described in con` siderable detail a specific embodiment of my invention, it is toV be understood that this showing and description is illustrative only and for the purpose of rendering my invention more clear, and that I do not regard the invention as limited to the details of construe tion illustrated or described, nor any of them,

t co-operating with the roller 54 upon except in so far as I have included such limita tion within the terms of the following claims, in which it is my intention to claim all novelty inherent in my invention broadly as Well as specilically.

lllhat I claim as new and desire to secure Yby Letters Patent is:

1'.. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders arranged in rows, a cam sha-ft, oppositely inclined inner and outer valves carried by the cylinders, valve operating rocker arms one for each valve having their axes of rotation in alignment and located between the oppositely inclined valve stems, and means operated by the cam shaft for actuating said rocker arms.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders arranged in rows, inner and outer valves carried by each cylinder and having their stems inclined with respect to each other, valve operating rocker arms for both valves having their axes of rotation in alignment and located between the oppositely inclined valve stems, and means including rocker arms and a common actuating member between said rows for operating said first arms. f l

3. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders, a plurality of valves carried by each cylinder, a cam shaft, sets of upper and lower rocker arms extending in opposite direction therefrom, each set of upper and lower rocker armsbeing rotatable about a common axis and having portions adapted to engage the upper and lower surfaces of the cam shaft respectively and a plurality of rocker arms for each cylinder having aligned axes, actuated by said upper and lower rocker arms for operating the valves.

`4. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders, a. plurality of valves carried by each cylinder, a cam shaft, upper and lower rocker arms extending in opposite directions from the cam shaft, the rocker arms for the valves of each cylinder having a common axis of rotation, and means actuated by said arms for operating said valves in regular succession.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders, a plurality of valves carried by each cylinder, a cam shaft, upper and lower rocker arms extending in opposite directions from the cam shaft, the rocker arms on each side of the cam shaft having acommon axis of rotation, and separate valve operating rocker arms actuated by each of said upper and lower rocker arms for operating the valves in regular succession. I

6. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders, inner and outer valves carried by each cylinder and having their stems inclined with respect to each other, valve operating rocker arms located between the opposite inclined valve stems of each cylinder and having a common axis, a cam 4.- Leos shaft, and upper' and lower rocker arms on each side of the cam shaft fory actuating,- the Valve operating` rocker arms, the upper and lower roclrer arms on each side ot the cam shaft having their axes ot rotation in alignment.

7. ln an internal combustionv engine, a. plurality of cylinders, inner and outer valves carried by each cylinder and having their items inclined with respect to each other, valve operating` rocker arms located between the oppositely i clin/ed valve steine and having a common axis olf rotation, a cani shaft, and upper and lower rocker .arms extending in opposite d1 "ections from the cam shaft and adapted to actuate the said valve operating rocker arms in regular succession upon rota.- tion of the cani shaft.

8. ln an internal combustion engine, a plurality ot cylinders, inner and outer valves carried by each cylinder and havingl their stems inclined with respect to each other, Valve operating rocker arms having their axes of rotation in alignment, and located between the opposite inclined valve stems, a cam shaft, and upper and lower rocker arms extending in opposite directions from the cam shaft, the upper and lower rocker arms on each side ont the cam shaft having their xes ot rotation in alignment, said upper and lower rocker arms beingl adapted to actuate the valve operating rocker arms in regular succession upon rotation ot the cam shaft.

9. In an internal combustion engine of the ried by the cylinders ot each row, a cam shaft located between the rows of cylinders, rocher arms extending in opposite direct-ions from the cam shaft, and Valve operating1 rocker arms adapted to be actuated by the lirstnamed roc arms Jor operating` the inlet and exhaust Valves.

ll. ln an internal combustion engine, a plurality ot' cylinders, an inlet Valve for each cylinder, a plurality oi' exhaust valves tor each eylinder, a common engine driven cam shaft, rocker arms contact-ing)` with said cam shaft and projecting in opposite directions therefrom, two sets ot valve rocker arms operated by said first mentioned rocker arms, each set ot valve rocker arms being` rotatable about a common axis, certain ot said. valve rocker arms being` adapted to actuate the inlet valves and certain others being adapted to operate t ie 1)lural exhaust Valves of each cylinder simultaneously.

ln testimony whereof, l aix my signa-ture.

WlLLlAl/l F. HARRNGTON. 

